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2015年银行招聘考试英语练习题(三)

2015-04-03 17:07:50 弘新教育 来源:弘新教育

 Text 1

  “I’ve never met a human worth cloning,” says cloning expert Mark Westhusin from the cramped confines of his lab at Texas A&M University. “ It’s a stupid endeavor. ” That’s an interesting choice of adjective, coming from a man who has spent millions of dollars trying to clone a 13-year-old dog named Missy. So far, he and his team have not succeeded, though they have cloned two calves and expect to clone a cat soon. They just might succeed in cloning Missy later this year—or perhaps not for another five years. It seems the reproductive system of man’s best friend is one of the mysteries of modern science.

  Westhusin’s experience with cloning animals leaves him vexed by all this talk of human cloning. In three years of work on the Missyplicity project, using hundreds upon hundreds of canine eggs, the A&M team has produced only a dozen or so embryos carrying Missy’s DNA.None have survived the transfer to a surrogate mother. The wastage of eggs and the many spontaneously aborted fetuses may be acceptable when you’re dealing with cats or bulls, he argues,but not with humans. “Cloning is incredibly inefficient, and also dangerous,” he says.

  Even so, dog cloning is a commercial opportunity, with a nice research payoff. Ever since Dolly the sheep was cloned in 1997, Westhusin’s phone at A&M College of Veterinary Medicine has been ringing busily. Cost is no obstacle for customers like Missy’s mysterious owner, who wishes to remain unknown to protect his privacy. He’s plopped down $3.7 million so far to fund the research because he wants a twin to carry on Missy’s fine qualities after she dies. But he knows her clone may not have her temperament. In a statement of purpose, Missy’s owners and the A&M team say they are “ both looking forward to studying the ways that her clone differs

  from Missy.”

  The fate of the dog samples will depend on Westhusin’s work. He knows that even if he gets a dog viably pregnant, the offspring, should they survive, will face the problems shown at birth by other cloned animals: abnormalities like immature lungs and heart and weight problems. “Why would you ever want to clone humans,” Westhusin asks, “when we’re not even close to getting it worked out in animals yet?”

  1. Which of the following best represents Mr. Westhusin’s attitude toward cloning?

  [A] Animal cloning is a stupid attempt.

  [B] Human cloning is not yet close to getting it worked out.

  [C] Cloning is too inefficient and should be stopped.

  [D] Animals cloning yes, and human cloning at least not now.

  2. The Missyplicity project does not seem very successful probably because _____.

  [A] there isn’t enough fund to support the research

  [B] cloning dogs is more complicated than cloning cats and bulls

  [C] Mr. Westhusin is too busy taking care of the business

  [D] the owner is asking for an exact copy of his pet

  3. When Mr. Westhusin says “... cloning is dangerous,” he implies that _____.

  [A] lab technicians may be affected by chemicals

  [B] cats and dogs in the lab may die of diseases

  [C] experiments may waste lots of lives

  [D] cloned animals could outlive the natural ones

  4. We can infer from the third paragraph that _____.

  [A] rich people are more interested in cloning humans than animals

  [B] cloning of animal pets is becoming a prosperous industry

  [C] there is no distinction between a cloned and a natural dog

  [D] Missy’s master pays a lot in a hope to revive the dog

  5. We may conclude from the text that _____.

  [A] human cloning will not succeed unless the technique is more efficient

  [B] scientists are optimistic about cloning technique

  [C] many people are against the idea of human cloning

  [D] cloned animals are more favored by owners even if they are weaker

  Text 2

  The most effective attacks against globalization are usually not those related to economics.Instead, they are social, ethical and, above all, cultural. These arguments surfaced amid the protests in Seattle in 1999 and more recently in Davos, Bangkok and Prague. They say this: the disappearance of national borders and the establishment of a world interconnected by markets will deal a death blow to regional and national cultures, and to the traditions, customs, myths and mores that determine each country's or region's cultural identity. Since most of the world is incapable of resisting the invasion of cultural products from developed countries that inevitably trails the great transnational corporations, North American culture will ultimately impose itself,standardizing the world and annihilating its richness of diverse cultures. In this manner, all other peoples, and not just the small and weak ones, will lose their identity, their soul, and will become no more than 21st-century colonies modeled after the cultural norms of a new imperialism that, in addition to ruling over the planet with its capital, military might and scientific knowledge, will impose on others its language and its ways of thinking, believing, enjoying and dreaming.

  Even though I believe this cultural argument against globalization is unacceptable, we should recognize that deep within it lies an unquestionable truth. This century, the world in which we will live will be less picturesque and filled with less local color than the one we left behind.The festivals, attire(穿着), customs, ceremonies, rites and beliefs that in the past gave humanity its culturally and racially variety are progressively disappearing or confining themselves to minority sectors, while the bulk of society abandons them and adopts others more suited to the reality of our time.

  All countries of the earth experience this process, some more quickly than others, but it is not due to globalization. Rather, it is due to modernization, of which the former is effect, not cause.It is possible to lament, certainly, that this process occurs, and to feel nostalgia(恋旧) for the pastways of life that, particularly from our comfortable vantage point of the present, seem full of

  amusement, originality and color. But this process is unavoidable. In theory, perhaps, a country

  could keep this identity, but only if-like certain remote tribes in Africa or the Amazon-it decides to

  live in total isolation, cutting off all exchange with other nations and practicing self 瞫 ufficiency.

  A cultural identity preserved in this form would take that society black to prehistoric standards of

  living.

  It is true that modernization makes many forms of traditional life disappear. But at the same

  time, it opens opportunities and constitutes an important step forward for a society as a whole.That is why, when given the option to choose freely, peoples, sometimes counter to what their leaders or intellectual traditionalists would like, opt for modernization without the slightest ambiguity.

  31. Which of the following is the argument against globalization?

  [A] The world will become a globalized economic entity.

  [B] Cultural identities in some countries will be compromised.

  [C] Transnational corporations will take advantage of the poor countries.

  [D] Poor countries will be dominated by the powerful ones.

  32. According to the author, .

  [A] globalization will enrich cultural diversity

  [B] countries should strive to reserve their unique customs and practices

  [C] modernization will succeed in some countries but not in others

  [D] the world will be culturally less diversified because of globalization

  33. The author would agree with which of the following statements?

  [A] A country should try to retain its cultural identity in its modernization drive.

  [B] Cultural identity may work against the aspiration for modernization.

  [C] People should understand what may contribute to modernization.

  [D] It's impossible for a country to modernize and keep its cultural identity intact.

  34. The author main purpose is to .

  [A] discuss globalization and cultural identity

  [B] refute the cultural argument against globalization

  [C] explain why modernization is inevitable

  [D] discuss the consequences of globalization

  35. The author mentions the remote tribes in Africa and the Amazon to illustrate .

  [A] the resistance that people put up against globalization

  [B] the marginalization brought forth by globalization

  [C] the importance of self-reliance and self-sufficiency

  [D] the insurmountable difficulty of retaining cultural identity

  1. [精解] 本题考查考生文中人物观点。 文中多次引用了威斯苏森先生有关克隆的话,

  从中我们可以判断出他的态度。 [A]中 a stupid attempt 出现在文章开始部分,是他对于克隆人而非克隆动物的看法。 [B]中 not yet close to getting it worked out 出现在文章末句,是他对待动物实验的看法, 不包括克隆人。 事实上, 克隆人还没有开始, 谈不上是否接近成功。第二段末句,威斯苏森先生提到克隆是极其低效的,但没有提出因此就应该被禁止。因此,[C]部分错误。第二段倒数第二句,威斯苏森先生提出,动物实验中对动物卵的浪费以及动物的自然性流产还可以接受,但研究人就不行。可见,他默许克隆动物,反对克隆人, 因此[D]正确。

  2. [精解] 本题考查事实细节。第一段倒数第二句指出,克隆密斯可能成功也可能失

  败。 该段最后一句解释其原因是: 狗的生殖系统似乎是现代科学中一个神秘的领域。 因此 [B]为正确项。第三段首句提到,克隆狗是一个商机,能带来丰厚的科研报酬。该段第三句又提到,对于像密斯的主人这样的消费者来说,高额的花销并不是什么障碍。由此可知 , [A]不是项目不成功的原因。 [C]属于无中生有项,第三段第二句只提到,多利羊克隆成功后,威斯苏森教授接到很多希望克隆狗的电话, 这些电话都潜藏商机。 但不能由此推知他忙于商业活动。 第三段最后两句提到, 密斯的主人知道, 密斯的克隆体不一定能有与它一样的脾气秉性。 在一份用途声明中, 密斯的主人和农业机械大学的团队表示, 他们 “共同期待能研究密斯的克隆体与它本身的差异之处。 ”可见[D]也不是原因。

  3. [精解] 本题考查句意的理解。题干引用的话出现在第二段末。其上文即该段倒数

  第二句中, 威斯苏森先生指出, 在猫或牛的克隆试验中, 对动物卵的浪费以及许多动物的自然性流产都可以接受,但是克隆人就不行。因此可知 , [C]是“危险”的真正含义。其他项文中都未提及。

  4. [精解] 本题考查推理引申。第三段首句提到,克隆狗是能带来丰厚科研报酬的商机。 下文无论是提到动医学院频繁接到的电话, 还是举出一掷千金想克隆爱犬的富人的例子

  都是为了说明首句的观点。因此从第三段可推出的结论是[B] 。该段主要涉及的是克隆狗,因此无从推知[A] ;从该段最后两句可知, [C]与事实相反; [D] 错在 revive, 由该段第四句可知,密斯的主人只是想要一个密斯的孪生子在它死后继承其优良品质。

  5. [精解] 本题考查全局事实细节题。文章一开始就引用专家威斯苏森的话,指出克

  隆人是愚蠢的尝试。 第二段最后两句提到, 克隆实验的低效性和危险性在克隆人中不可接受。文章末尾再次引用该专家的话, 指出现在动物的研究还没成功, 没有必要想到克隆人。 由此可见, 技术是克隆实验存在的主要问题, 也是阻碍克隆人实验的重要原因, 因此可推知 [A]正确。 [B]明显错误,科学家并不乐观。全文只涉及专家和拥护克隆实验的人的观点,因此无从推知[C] 。 [D]在文中未提及。

  文章概要: 本文驳斥了反对全球化的观点。 作者承认我们现在生活的世界比以前少了地

  方特色, 但这是现代化建设的结果, 而非全球化的结果。 全球化是果不是因。 许多传统文化的消失在现代化进程是不可避免的,除非选择过着与世隔绝、自给自足的史前生活。

  6. [答案] B 细节理解题。作者在第一段说明,反全球化的人认为在全球化的过程中,随着国界的消失,市场把世界连接成一体,国家和地区的文化特征受到沉重的打击。 因

  此 B 正确。

  7. [答案] D 细节理解题。作者在第二段里指出,我们生活的世界将越来越少地方

  特色,这是一个毫无疑问的事实。故 D 正确。

  8. [答案] D 细节理解题。作者在第三段里说,放弃传统的东西去采纳适合我们时

  代的东西是所有国家正在经历的过程。故 D 正确。

  9. [答案] B 主旨题。作者虽然承认我们现在生活的世界是比以前少了地方特色,

  但他指出全球化是果不是因。故 B 正确。

  10.[答案] D 细节理解题。作者在第三段倒数第二句里说,理论上讲一个国家是可以完全保持自己的特色,但必须像非洲或亚马逊河某个偏远的部落一样, 过着与世隔绝、自给自足的史前生活。因此 D 正确。